What are plasticisers?
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Citrates, benzoates, ortophthalates, cyclohexanoates, trimellitates, terephthalates, sebacates…sounds complicated? Watch the video to clear things up!
OIL SEAL คืออะไร , WHAT IS OIL SEAL ??
OIL SEAL คืออะไร
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What is WATER-CEMENT RATIO? What does WATER-CEMENT RATIO mean? WATER-CEMENT RATIO meaning
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What is WATERCEMENT RATIO? What does WATERCEMENT RATIO mean? WATERCEMENT RATIO meaning WATERCEMENT RATIO definition WATERCEMENT RATIO explanation.
Source: Wikipedia.org article, adapted under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bysa/3.0/ license.
The water–cement ratio is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement used in a concrete mix. A lower ratio leads to higher strength and durability, but may make the mix difficult to work with and form. Workability can be resolved with the use of plasticizers or superplasticizers.
Often, the ratio refers to the ratio of water to cement plus pozzolan ratio, w/(c+p). The pozzolan is typically a fly ash, or blast furnace slag. It can include a number of other materials, such as silica fume, rice husk ash or natural pozzolans. Pozzolans can be added to strengthen concrete.
The notion of water–cement ratio was first developed by Duff A. Abrams and published in 1918. Refer to concrete slump test.
Concrete hardens as a result of the chemical reaction between cement and water (known as hydration, this produces heat and is called the heat of hydration). For every pound (or kilogram or any unit of weight) of cement, about 0.35 pounds (or 0.35 kg or corresponding unit) of water is needed to fully complete hydration reactions.
However, a mix with a ratio of 0.35 may not mix thoroughly, and may not flow well enough to be placed. More water is therefore used than is technically necessary to react with cement. Water–cement ratios of 0.45 to 0.60 are more typically used. For higherstrength concrete, lower ratios are used, along with a plasticizer to increase flowability.
Too much water will result in segregation of the sand and aggregate components from the cement paste. Also, water that is not consumed by the hydration reaction may leave concrete as it hardens, resulting in microscopic pores (bleeding) that will reduce final strength of concrete. A mix with too much water will experience more shrinkage as excess water leaves, resulting in internal cracks and visible fractures (particularly around inside corners), which again will reduce the final strength.
The 1997 Uniform Building Code specifies a maximum of 0.5 ratio when concrete is exposed to freezing and thawing in a moist condition or to deicing chemicals, and a maximum of 0.45 ratio for concrete in a severe or very severe sulfate condition.
Pastel Marble Nail with Framed Cut Marble Flat Top Design
Hi Everyone
In this video, I am going to show you how to do a very soft marble design using one of the urban graffiti colours as a plasticiser for the others.
You can do this with almost any colours, I have chosen Firewood,
Trenchcoat, Bottle Green and Damsel in Distress
Once you have your marble just how you want it, you can add a layer of basecoat. Base is a great way to stick things down, in this case, we will use one of our new mylars,
Once that is done, you can topcoat and the for the cut marble part of the design. all you need is a small piece of plastic, you place of the top of a drop of topcoat. cure it with the plastic on.
You then can peel it off and finish the deisgn, but make sure to top coat again, as you want that super smooth finish.
I hope you like the design.
Love Kirsty xxx
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Superplasticizers: the wonder of fluid concrete
Superplasticizers are used to enhance the fluidity of the concrete without adding water. These molecules physically separate the grains of cement by neutralizing their force of attraction. Consequently, the concrete remains fluid for over 2 hours and is easier to use, more resistant and longer lasting. See superplasticizers at work in this closeup video.
นอกจากการดูหัวข้อนี้แล้ว คุณยังสามารถเข้าถึงบทวิจารณ์ดีๆ อื่นๆ อีกมากมายได้ที่นี่: ดูวิธีอื่นๆSales experience